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one of the most profound change currently transpiring in the world of business is the introduction of electronic commerce. the impact of e-commerce on procurement, shopping, business collaboration, and custemer service as well as on delivery of various services is so dramatic that almost every organizationis effected. E-commerce is changing all business functional areas and their important task, ranging for advertising to paying bills. The nature of competition is also drastically changing, due to new online companies, new business models, and the divercity of e-commerce related products and services. e-commerce provides unparalleled opportunities for companies to expand worldwide at a small cost, to increase market share, and to reduce costs.

overview of e-commerce


electonic commerce ( e-commerce ) describes the buying, selling, and exchanging of products, services, and information via computer networks, primary the internet. some people view the term Commerce as describing transactions conducted between business partners. To them, the term eletronic commerce seem fairly narrow, so many use the term electronic business (e-business) instead. it refers to a board definition of electronic comerce, not just buying and selling, but also servicing custemers, collaborating with business partners, and conducting electronic transactions within an organization. According to Lou Gerstner, IBM's former CEO, "e-business is all about time, cycle, speed, globalization, enchanced productivity, reaching a new custemers, and sharing knowledge across institutions for competitive advantage."







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types of e-commerce


the opening case shows an example of business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce, in which two or more business make transactions or collaborate electronically. Although B2B is the mayor current type of electronic commerce, there are several other important types of e-commerce :


  1. Collaborative commerce (c-commerce), in this type of e-commerce, business partners collaborate electronically. such collaboration frequently occurs between and among business partners along the supply chain.
  2. Businnes to Custemers (B2C). in this case the sellers are organizations, the buyers are individuals.
  3. Consumers to Business (C2B). in this case consumers make known a particular need for a product or services, and organizations compete to provide the product or service to consumers.
  4. Consumer to Consumer (C2C). in this case an individual sells product or services to other individuals.
  5. Intrabusiness (intraorganizational) commerce. in this case on organization uses e-commerce internally to improve its operations. A special case of this is known as B2E (Business ti its Employees) e-commerce.
  6. Goverment to Citizens (G2C) and to Others. In this case the goverment provides services to its citizenz via e-commerce technologies. Goverment can do business with other govements (G2G) as well as with business (G2B).
  7. Mobile Commerce (m-commerce). When e-commerce is done in a wireless environment, such as using cell phones to access the internet, we call it m-commerce.

Each of the above types of e-commerce may have several business models.

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